Baking machinery.



s. G. BONAPARTE. BAKING MACHINERY. APPLICATION FILED NOV, 20, 1911;

Patented @015. 27,1914.

mmam

WITNESSES.

ATTORNEY S. G. BONAPARTR BAKING MACHINERY. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 20,1911.

SHEET 3.

Patented Oct. 27,

3 SHEETS- WITNESSES.

iTOR/VEY a subject of the King of Chicago, in the county ofCook andState of U I D T T i c swan G. BonArAfnrn, or CHITCAGQYILLINOIS.

BAKING MACHINERY.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, SWAN .G. BbNAPA'RTE,Sweden, residing at Illinois, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Baking Machinery, of whichthe following is aspecification.

My invention relates tobaki'ngappliances and has particular referencetoanloven an a mechanism connected therewith'for bread. Theobject of theinvention-1s to produce a I baking-plant adapted. to rapidly, uniformlyand economically bake thez thin disks of bread known by various names,such as hard-tack health-bread, etc., and with this object in viewmy'invention. consists of the novelconstruction,

' interior construction. view of onecorneli, casing through whichpassesan endless that conveys the bread combination and arrangement' ofparts hereinafter described in detail, illustrated in the faccompanying. drawing and-incorporated in the appended clainm. q

In the di'awin g-Figure I is aside eleva-. in section and partly broken't-ion, part1 4 away, of a baking-plant embodying my in vention. "Fig. 2is'a lengitudi'nal 'and vertical section of same, partly broken away.Fig.3" is a section taken substantially-on line XX of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 isa horizontal sec tion taken substantially on line Y- Y -of Fig. 1. Figs.5.and tive views of the sections of one ofthe firepots, parts beingbroken away to show their enlarged, of a sheet-iron structure which areextended upwardly to form a drying-room 3' to 'whlch the baked bread istransferred as it issues on an endless apron through the rear end of thebaking. path. This apron, 4, passes over the-oven space, or room 2for'the fire-pots from'fr'ont to rear and returns underneath same, andis Specification of Letters-iatent.

. .Applicationfiled November 20, 1911. Serial No. 661,367.

gle-irons 24.

ofza" sheet-iron casing'of rectangular form 23 as shown in H .foursides, the fourth-sidebeing identical 6' are enlarged-perspec Thecasing,

Fig. .7 is a perspective I This View also shows'partsof opened by slidesor Walls 2 and 2 Patented Get. as, ieia.

preferably madeof Wire-gauze. The apron runs on or'is supported by drums5, 6 and 7 and 'such-jintermediate drums or rollers 8 as m be necessary.The rear drum 7 rotates onthe axis of a shaft 9 'to which said drumkeyed, and-this shaft is rotated by a pulley which is driven by a belt11, connected w th the pulley of a motor 12, or other suitd able i*mounted on slidably adjustable bearings 13 and 14:, hence the rear drummay be adjusted power; The'ends of the. shaft 9 are relatively to theforward supports .for' the apron to tighten or take up slack in thelatter. The bearings '13 and 14 are supported against forward movementby screws 15 and 16 that have threaded engagements with 7 fised blocksor nuts 17 and 18 as indicated in Figs. 1 and 4. :LThe floor of thefire-pot space 2 is shown supportedon transverse I-beams l 9 'andangle-irons 201 Said floor maybe a sheet-lron bottom 21 on which islaid-a layer 22 of cement,'sand'or other suitable non-coma bustiblematerial. At its top the sp'ac'e12 is closed by -a' sheetofiron 23supported on an 3 The top 23 is also .the' bottom completed by atop-side 23 and vertical side's with 23" shown insaid Flg. 7'.

Fig.7 showingthreeof'it's whichmay bedesignated as 1 'a' whole by1ts-bottom numeral 23, is open .at its forward and rear'ends, theforward openend in Fig. 7 representing also the apcasing-23, is a sheetiron-floor '25 that is supportedlon 9O .pearance of therear open end.Overthi's, I through which the apron it travels,

angle-irons 26. On the. floor 25 is a layer 27 of sand.-Betweenithe-wa1l's 2 and-'2" 19a and the vertical sides 23 of thecasing are spaces 28,28. The bottom 23 of the casing extends beyond itsvertical-'sides23 across the spaces. 28

closing the fire-pot space tothe space above' The projecting portion ateach side is designated as 29. The bottom orthe' casing.

tions29'have1from end to end of the structure a. series o'f openings30'therethrough which are wholly or partially closed or to'the walls' 2'and 2 thus" y covers 31 provided with I handles 32 passing 'through therespective and having on theirv outer walls 2' and 2" IldS k I1 0bS 33which may be grasped by the operator. may be ten of these at each sidebetween the On an oven forty feet long there and the vertical sides ofthe I casing, all identical with the construction shown in Fig. 7. "Byadmitting the heat from below through certain of these openings thetemperature of the bakingheat may be varied over the top of the casingso as to apply a more intense top heat atone or more points: from'front"to rear. over the apron and the bread than at other points. Thus ifthedough in the rising bread is slow i to rise a moderate heat toiassistthe bread to rise may be applied -dur'ing the beginning of its movementand when the bread has risen to the desired extent it willbeimmediatelyexposed to full baking heat, .When the bread disks in the dough form aresufiiciently raised when placed on the apron at r the drum 5-the-ful1baking heat may be directed to the front portion or forward end '.of thecasing through. which the apron travels. This variable application ofheat along the path of travel is further controlled by a series ofswinging heat shields or dampers underneath the casing hereinafter refe'rred to and by the individual fire-pot ar A frangement shown, wherebythe firing may be made more intense in certain fire-pots than others, orleaving certainfire-potscold according to thecondition of the dough,theithicknesses of the disks, the surrounding temperature, etc., whichmake it necessary for the purpose. of a rapid and continuous baking ofthiudisks of bread, to control the heat and the particular place ofits-application, with a 7 a series of'slots' 34 (only one of which isshown in Fig. 7 the others being identical) are made through the outerwalls 2 and 2",i

and in theseslots are slidably mounted closers 31. Between the top2e ofthe bakingspace, or casing 23, 23' and 23", and the sheet-iron support25 for the layer 27 of omitted.

Above the layer 27 is a drying-room 3. This room has a verticallysubdivided space that forms a passageway 39, as shown to the left inFig. 3. To the right of this passage.

way, as seen in said figure, are tracks 36 and 37 that aresupported onuprights 38 and the wall 2". From said passage-way access is had to thedrying-bread after it is baked, several disks of the bread being shownin 3- Fig. 2 and labeled 40. This bread is of the Wall. means. of a cordreat deal more exactness than {is required or heav erand slower bakingprocesses. 'As shown most plainly 1n Flg;

' miaitiaa' usual disk-form having a hole '40" throughits center for thepurpose of receiving a rod on which the drying bread is strung. On thetracks 36 and-37 are mounted trucks of flanged wheels- 41 and 42, thesewheels being mounted on axles, shafts or rods 43 (Figs. 2 and 3). Theseaxles carry brackets on which-the ends ofv rods '45 are supported.

On these rods 45 the'disks of bread are strung as shown.

The front end of the dry-ingchamber 3 is closed by a'wall 46, while therear end of 1 this chamber is open and provided with a r hood 47 that isa rearward and downward extension of'the roof of the drying-chamber, andthis hood conserves the heat therein for drying purposes and yet doesnot close the drying-chamber against the necessary airventilation. Inthe wall 2 is a side door 48 which is reached by a stairway 49 at thehead of which, immediately in front of said door, is a platform 50. Thefront end'of the fire-pot space 2 is closed by a. Wall 51 andthe rearend bya wall 52. These walls together with thewalls 2 and 2 may be madeof brick. or, stone, while the front wall 46' of the drying space. maybe made of sheet iron.-

InFigs, land 2 the open front end of the casing 23 isgshown partlyclosed by a vertically movable door 53 on which is a rack 54 meshingwith a pinion 55 on a shaft 56 moimted in'suitable hearings on the frontThis door is counterweighted by chain or other flexible connection 57attached to the door and passing over a pulley 58. On the free end ofthis to raise or lower the door 53. Below the loweredge of thisfdoor andbetween this edge and the apron is a normallyopen space bread afterbeing placed on the outside portion of the apron to pass underneath thedoor into the interior of the oven or casing 23. The temperature at theimmediate front end of'the casing'is also modified with the aid of thisdoor by varying the size of the opening between its lower edge and theapron especially for: the purpose ofhastening or retarding the rising ofthe dough in connection is a counterweight 59. The shaft 7 56 isprovided with a crank 60 by means of which the rack and pinion may beoperated 61 of sufficient width to permit the disks of lis the form ofdisks. At the rear end a similar I door 63 is provided, together with anequip-,Y

65, the space between the lower edge of this door and the apron beingdesignated as 66. The function and operation of this rear door issubstantially similar to those of the frontend door 53. The rear doorand counterweight connection is designated as 68 and the counterweightas 69. emerges baked from the rear end of the casing 23 operatives willtransfer it to rods,

As the bread ment of a rack, gear wheel 64 and crank some I the. eds.moun e gi i tru kl n e dw- J or uncovered by a 1D, roprn andpnsed'suceessively forward un til th drying-Idem s ul when t e fi ishedbead at the'front oi the room Wlll be gcessiYely. removed, to. make,rognr for new .5 Pl esat there'an:

. tin w pes: of we s-mg are a, seri s qr r fi nttmga sasm which thereinadapted tolbebronght into register with the holes as, shown in'Fi-gsB;and 7. This 'shde, of which. there maybe a suitable number along thelength of. the

cast e ma ip l te by a o p i g throughithe wall 2;" or. 2,".arrah ementsbeing ade to have siniilar'handles ;or both endso the slide-so. that itmay be manipulated from either si d'e of the oven. The conpetfl' s pa lq n i sides afihsstmt w, seriesipgt' openings, W111 ordinarily be theour su ch slides and number-required for an ovemforty. feetlong.0pp'osite;the holes 70 are 'endsof' pipes 74 adapted tocarryawayexcessivemoisture :or steam from. within the casing.

nstruction shown on an enlarged scale the upper edge of the lowerfire-potsection 76. In the upper section 75 is a fu'el-opening '79 (Fig.5) toibe closed by a door (Fig. 1). In the "lower ction 76 is-an opening81 for an ash-pan 2. The lower section 76 also carries the grate-bars 83(Fig.

i 4) on which are supported a grate 84.- A

slot or opening 85 (Fig. 6) is made in the front side of the fire-potsection 76, and of a sufficient length and width to' permit insertionand removal of the grate, so that burntout grates may be replacedwithout removing or taking apart the fire-pot itself. The lower fire-potsection is also formed with a ledge 86 on its interior Wall as ameansfor supporting the grate or its supports. In the' side Walls 2 and 2" anopening87 is made for each fire-pot, and this opening iscontrolled by adoor 88.

. The fire-pots are arranged in pairs arranged from side to side asshown in Fig.

4, and between these pairs partition'walls 89'are placed. These wallsextend from the bottom of the space 2 up to a ,point substantially on aevel with the tops of the fire-pots as shown in Fig. 2. These partitionwalls are extended to the top of the space 2 by dampers 9O and'91 whichmay be swung to-afi'o rd more or less freedom of cir-.

I I 5 may. be covered lide 71 having holes 72.

. represents both Q culation ofheated air nnderneaththe catsing and fromone. space between-partitions 89 to another, jseveral; of these spacesbeing designated as 92 and 93. The dampers 90 and 91- are hung on.pivot-rods .94sh0wnin Figs. 3 and 4.21s projecting through both operatedfrom either side of-the oven.

These rods are provided Withkn'obs 9.5 and ,96fmadc ofsome poorconductor. '0f heat for the convenience of their-manipulator. In

F 2 dotted lines show one'of the dampers ("91) in its open position.Between the outside walls 2. and 2- Jand-the-knobs the rods;

94 "have shrunk on, or otherwise-secured thereto, collars 97 and betweenthese collars 'and thewalls, and around the rods 91, a re interposedsprings 98 .whichby firiotional v engagement with the-outside wallsand'fthe} collars tend'td hold the dampers against r'o tation from'an'yposition in Whichthey are placed-by the operator. ,Theqwallslifit ay.

beisaid to be continued'onthe upper side of 1 the casing 23 by walls .99and; .100 whieh'extend'fro'm the t'op,23 tothe sheet-. iron-floor 25 inthe vertical pla n'esf of thQiflQWeIYWflllS, 2 89. These partitionsha,vef on'..-.their"ends: vertical anddownwardlyextendjng legsfor '1;lateral, extensipns .101 which-part tion the spac'es"28'-1-n" likemanner, as shown in v Ifig. A thermostat 102 readablezfrom the I thecasing may be distribut edito give greater outsidois-provid'edfor each{of the subdi', r visions vertically" of the heat-areas. "By" 1 suitablecontrols through the dampers and-Q1 slides referred to the heat aboveand, below-flee heat above the baking bread at a given point'j I of itspath of movement, than is admitted tothe samepoint below, andvice-versa', by

'openin'gor closingcertain openings leading. from'below to the spaces 28and openingv orclosing certaindampers such as90 and'f91l 'As stated, theraising of the bread may have to be completed after it is=placedon the.

apron, and'as the baking process of these thin disks is rapid' and thispeculiar kind of bread must bemade with considerable skill inorder thatit shall equal in quality the product, of foreign countries Where theart of making ithas reached a high state of development,- the conditionsof temperature,

speed of baking, distribution of heat at diffei ent points, etc., are ofexceptional importance. The heat compartments above the compartments 92and 93 are designated, respectively, 31.9103 and 104C and are notlimitedin number to those shown, as Figs. 2 and -4- are broken away Where theywould be" duplicated rearwardly.

- The lines for the gases of coinbustiontare arranged in a horizontalplane below the casing and zig-zag back and forth from the fire-pots tothe chimneys 10 5 and 106 with an 'e'lboweext'ension at each bendopening through the respective alls as shown in Fig. 4, through whichaccess may be had to I the interior of .the fiues for flue-cleanindevices. By passing, the fines back and orth diagonally in the mannershown in the'plan view Fig. 4: the heat passing through the fines iscaused to'greatly assist in heating the oven and produce a considerablesaving nally across-the space 2 and connects with an elbow extension 108which passes through an opening 109 in 'the wall 2". The mouth ofthis'extension is closed at'the 7 outside of the .wall by a cover 110Which is removably mounted sothat it may be easily removed when the flueis to be cleaned. Returning diagonally in.the opposite direc tion theflue-leg 107 is continued in a leg 111 to which also access may be hadthrough the extension 108. At the Wall 2 there is another extensionll2-closed by a cover 113, and so on to one of the chimneys. In likemanner the fire-pot in the upper right hand corner-oi Fig. 4 isequippedits'diagonal legs crossing over or under the first mentionedlegs. The remainlng pairs of fire pots, designated in Fig. 4 as 114 and115 have short flue sections 116 and 117 respectively, which connectWith the diagonal legs midway between the elbow-extensions 108 and 112.The fuel used in these fire-pots may be either coke, Wood and hard orsoft coal. I

j Having thus described my invention, I

claim as new and desire to'secure by'Letters Latent The combination Witha baking oven,- of a.

casing open at both ends, an endless apro za having a run passingthrough said casing, a fire pot chamber and a series ofindividualfire-pots underneath said casing, a series of vertical partitionsdividing said chamber,

means for admitting heat from one parti tion to another, an1I1ClOS1lI'6: having a series of partitions above said casing,damper-controlled passages for admitting; heat to or.

Withholding heat from the spaces between the last mentioned partitions,and valve- 'controlled ventilating passages leading to the outer airfrom saidQasing.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing SWAN G/BONAPARTE. Vitnesses M. C. ALLEN, J. W.- :BEoKsrrnoM.

. witnesses.

